How to behave in public shelters in Ukraine: basic etiquette for foreigners

Safety in Ukraine for foreigners involves taking into account a number of military risks, including air raid sirens, rocket attacks and the need to visit public bomb shelters in Ukraine. Find out what the rules of conduct are in bomb shelters in Ukraine and get advice for foreigners during the war in Ukraine that will save your life

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Safety tips for Ukraine in 2025 require mandatory consideration of martial law conditions. Before travelling to the country, foreigners must find out how to behave in bomb shelters in emergency situations in Ukraine and what to do when air raid sirens sound in Ukraine. In this article, we have compiled the most relevant information on these issues to make your trip as safe and comfortable as possible.

Why might you need to use a public shelter in Ukraine?

Ukraine is in a state of full-scale war. Russia is shelling Ukrainian cities every day, and not always just in the frontline areas. Therefore, an air raid warning system is in place throughout the country to warn of the threat of missile strikes or air raids. An air raid warning is a long, continuous siren or loud voice coming from loudspeakers. It is important to remember that even if you are a tourist or temporary visitor, you may need to take shelter in a bomb shelter.

Your safety is a priority. Therefore, if you are planning a trip to Ukraine, be sure to take out medical insurance that covers war risks. This is not just a recommendation, but a vital necessity for any foreigner visiting the country. It will guarantee you medical assistance and financial protection in unforeseen situations.

Detailed instructions for foreigners on how to act during air raid sirens and shelling can be found at the link.

What to expect in a public shelter?

There are several types of public bomb shelters in Ukraine that are used during air raid alerts:

Metro: In large cities such as Kyiv, Kharkiv and Dnipro, metro stations are among the safest shelters. They are equipped for long-term stays.

Basements: Many apartment buildings, schools, hospitals and other buildings have equipped basements that serve as the simplest shelters.

Underground car parks: Modern car parks in shopping centres or residential complexes are also often used as shelters.

Specially equipped shelters: These can be separate structures specifically designed to protect the population.

Shelters are usually marked with special signs and indicators. You can also ask local residents, who will be happy to help you.

Be prepared for the fact that there may be many people in the shelter, especially in large cities. Space may be limited, so it is important to respect personal boundaries. Conditions may vary, but in general, you should expect it to be cold, noisy and dark. Even in warm weather, it can be cool underground, so bring warm clothing. Large numbers of people, crying children and talking can also create a significant amount of noise. Although most shelters have lighting, there may be power outages, so a flashlight will come in handy.

Be prepared for basic conditions and minor discomfort — the main thing is that you will be safe.

A list of shelters in different regions of Ukraine can be found at the link.

Basic rules of conduct and regulations to follow in Ukrainian shelters

Staying in a shelter requires adherence to certain rules of etiquette and safety to ensure comfort and safety for everyone:

1. Respect other people's personal space.

2. Do not smoke.

3. Do not consume alcohol.

4. Do not talk loudly or play music/videos without headphones.

5. Keep an eye on children.

6. Do not leave the shelter until the air raid alarm has sounded – wait until the official all-clear signal sounds, and preferably for another 10-20 minutes after that, as there is a risk of repeated strikes.

Follow the link to find out how public transport works in Ukraine during air raid alerts.

What to do if you don't speak Ukrainian?

Most Ukrainians are understanding towards foreigners. If you don't speak Ukrainian:

1. Be polite and smile – this always helps to establish contact.

2. Use gestures – many simple things can be explained this way.

3. Have a translator on your phone – download an offline translator in advance so you can communicate even without the internet (Google Translate or similar apps will be very useful).

4. Don't be afraid to ask for help – try to approach someone (someone present is likely to know English).

Cultural sensitivity: what not to do?

1. Don't panic – try to remain calm and focused.

2. Do not express political views that may offend local residents – remember that you are in a country affected by war.

3. Do not take photos or videos without permission – this is especially important when it comes to other people and the military.

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What to take with you in case of an air raid alert?

Being prepared in advance is the key to peace of mind and safety during an air raid. Put together an ‘emergency bag’ or small backpack that you can keep close at hand.

Basic emergency kit

1. Passport, insurance policy, cash (preferably in small bills).

2. Water – at least 1-2 litres.

3. Power bank.

4. Medicines: personal medicines that you take regularly, as well as basic first aid supplies (painkillers, antiseptics, plasters).

5. Flashlight with extra batteries.

6. Energy bars, dried fruit, nuts – anything that does not require preparation and can be stored for a long time.

7. Warm clothing/blanket: even in summer, it can be cool in a shelter.

8. Hygiene products: wet wipes, hand sanitiser, toilet paper.

9. Entertainment items – something to help you take your mind off things and pass the time.

It is important to be prepared in advance. Don't wait for the siren to sound. Put this minimum kit together in advance so that in case of an emergency, you can just grab it and head for shelter.

If you arrive by car, you should also take care of its safety. Mini-CASCO insurance will allow you not to worry about your vehicle left behind during an emergency. This will give you extra peace of mind knowing that your car is protected.

Final tips on how to stay calm and safe

Being in a bomb shelter can be a stressful experience, especially for those who are not used to such situations. When you are in a shelter, try to monitor the situation and remain calm. Here are some tips on how to stay calm and safe:

Download alert apps: Be sure to install the Air Raid Alert app on your phone. You can find it on Google Play Market or App Store. The app is available in English and will alert you to any alerts in your current location.

Listen to instructions and follow the directions of local residents: Ukrainians have extensive experience in dealing with alarms. Listen to their advice and instructions. They can point you to the nearest shelter or give you important recommendations.

Stay calm and avoid conflict: Panic will not help. Try to breathe deeply and focus on positive thoughts. Avoid any conflicts or arguments in the shelter – this will only exacerbate the already tense atmosphere.

Stay in touch: If possible, let your loved ones know that you are safe.

Insurance is extremely important. Take out an insurance policy that covers military risks to ensure you are as protected as possible in the event of unforeseen circumstances.

Useful resources for safety in Ukraine

For up-to-date information and assistance, use official and verified sources:

State Emergency Service of Ukraine (SES): The official website of the SES provides important information on civil protection and safety rules.

Visit Ukraine: The Visit Ukraine website provides a wealth of useful information for foreigners travelling to Ukraine, including advice on safety, insurance and legal assistance. This is also where you can purchase the necessary insurance: Visit Ukraine.

Shelter map: Many cities have online shelter maps, which can be found on local government websites or by using the interactive shelter map in the Diya app. This will allow you to identify the nearest safe places in advance.

‘Air raid alert’: Available for iOS and Android. Notifies you of alerts in your selected regions.

Earlier, we reported that Ukraine has created an app for real-time air threat alerts.

By following these simple rules and having the necessary preparation, you will feel more confident and safer during your stay in Ukraine.

Reminder! To enter Ukraine, you will need to prove your financial solvency at the border.

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Visit Ukraine Insurance – insurance covering military risks for entry and travel in Ukraine;

Visit Ukraine Car Insurance – car insurance with extended coverage in Ukraine;

Visit Ukraine Legal Advice – comprehensive legal support on entry to Ukraine;

Visit Ukraine Tickets – bus and train tickets to/from Ukraine;

Visit Ukraine Tours – the largest online database of tours to Ukraine for every taste;

Visit Ukraine Hotels – hotels for a comfortable stay in Ukraine;

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