Cómo abrir tu propio negocio en Polonia: algoritmo de acción

Los ucranianos que ya han organizado sus vidas en Polonia a menudo piensan en abrir su propio negocio en el país. Aprende más sobre lo que se requiere para abrir un negocio en Polonia

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You can open a business in Poland even without Polish citizenship. In order to conduct activities, it is sufficient for a Ukrainian to be legally in the country.

We have collected information about the main stages of starting your own business in Poland, as well as the necessary documents and useful contacts.

Who can open their own business in Poland?

A Ukrainian who is legally in Poland and has a PESEL tax identification number can create a business of any organizational and legal form under the same conditions as a Polish citizen.

Grounds for legal stay in Poland

For legal stay, you must have one of these documents:

• issued temporary protection status (for Ukrainians who arrived in the country after February 24, 2022);

valid residence permit;

• A Pole's card, on the basis of which you legally left Ukraine after February 24, 2022, arrived in Poland and declared your intention to stay in the country;

• a stamp in the travel document confirming that the person has started the procedure for processing documents for a legal stay in Poland.

PESEL number and trusted profile

In order to issue a PESEL number, it is necessary to submit a corresponding application to any commune administration in Poland.

Importantly! When receiving a PESEL, a Ukrainian who plans to do business must create a trusted profile. To do this, you must add an email address, mobile phone number, consent to enter information in the register of contact data of individuals and consent to confirm the trusted profile to the application on PESEL.

A trusted profile is created free of charge and allows you to confirm your identity and sign electronic documents when interacting with Polish state institutions.

It is thanks to the trusted profile that you can register a business online on the CEIDG portal (Central Register of Entrepreneurial Activities).

What are the forms of ownership of enterprises in Poland?

In Poland, you can choose one of the forms of ownership for your business:

• A private enterprise (an analogue of a sole proprietorship in Ukraine) is the simplest form of ownership. The advantages include: free registration, no amount of required capital, the entrepreneur has the right to choose the form of taxation and in some cases it is possible not to pay VAT. If the income does not exceed 2 million euros, then you can keep simplified accounting.

• A limited liability company is created by several shareholders. The minimum amount of authorized capital is PLN 5,000. Shareholders are liable for the company's obligations, but are limited to the amount of their contributions.

• A joint-stock company is also created by several persons, the authorized capital is from PLN 100,000. This form of ownership is characteristic of large companies. Such a business cannot be registered online, it must be notarized.

• A civil partnership can be founded by entrepreneurs or companies, therefore it is not a separate legal entity, but a certain contract concluded between the members of the partnership. Advantages include: ease of registration and the ability to choose a simplified system of taxation and reporting. Also, there is no minimum starting capital here. Later, the civil partnership can be re-registered into a company with a different form of ownership.